How Stuff Works

The Trinity. Toxic People. Healthy Families. Heaven and Hell. How does it all work, according to the Bible?

Podcasts + Discipleship: Click to Learn How to Use PursueGOD

PursueGOD is a new kind of discipleship curriculum for an increasingly complicated world. We use podcasts on a variety of topics to offer no-nonsense answers to everyday questions. Then we organize these podcasts into series so you can use them to make disciples at church, home, or in the world. Here’s how it works:

  1. Pick a series from our homepage. There's plenty to choose from!
  2. Each series contains multiple lessons. Click on the numbered tabs to open each lesson.
  3. Start by listening to the podcast on your own, before you meet as a group. Take notes as needed, and listen again if it helps. Consider starting a discipleship journal to track what you're learning.
  4. Meet as a group to talk through what you learned from the podcast. Each lesson includes shownotes, talking points, and discussion questions. Click on the # tab to explore additional topics.
  5. Listen to the podcast above for more helpful tips or check out one of our many training series.

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How the Resurrection Works
Welcome to Easter and the kickoff to our new series: How Stuff Works. Today, we’re not just celebrating a historical event—we’re discovering how the resurrection of Jesus works in real life. The empty tomb isn’t just a symbol of the past; it’s a source of power for today.

We’re unpacking Ephesians 1:18-20 to explore how the resurrection gives us:

  • Confident hope for today and eternity

  • A new identity as God’s prized possession

  • Daily power through the Holy Spirit

So, how does the resurrection work? It transforms how you live right now—not just how you feel about death.

Ephesians 1:18-20 (NLT)
I pray that your hearts will be flooded with light so that you can understand the confident hope he has given to those he called—his holy people who are his rich and glorious inheritance. I also pray that you will understand the incredible greatness of God’s power for us who believe him. This is the same mighty power that raised Christ from the dead…

1. The Resurrection Gives Us Confident Hope
We live in a world short on hope. But the resurrection proves that death isn’t the end. Our hope isn’t wishful thinking—it’s the deep assurance that God will fulfill His promises.

  • Temporal hope anchors us during hard times.
    Philippians 4:13 reminds us that we can endure anything through Christ.

  • Eternal hope assures us that death is not the end.
    1 Corinthians 15:19 says that if our hope is only for this life, we are to be pitied.

2. The Resurrection Makes Us God’s Inheritance
Ephesians 1 says that we are God’s glorious inheritance. That’s a radical shift! You’re not just saved—you’re treasured.

  • Before: we were dead in sin and “objects of wrath” (Ephesians 2:1-3)

  • After: we are God’s masterpiece, created anew for His purposes (Ephesians 2:10)

Jesus didn’t rise just to create a holiday. He rose to claim what’s His: you.

3. The Resurrection Empowers Us for Everyday Living
That same power that raised Jesus from the dead is now available to every believer through the Holy Spirit.

  • Ephesians 1:19-20 and Acts 1:8 point to the Spirit’s power in us.

  • It’s not about doing one big thing—it’s about daily strength:
    loving your kids, resisting temptation, staying faithful, sharing your faith.

If you feel powerless today, maybe it’s time to turn to Jesus. His resurrection power still works.

Takeaway
The resurrection of Jesus changes everything—not just back then, but right now. But it only works for those who place their faith in Him.

  • Admit your brokenness.

  • Trust in Jesus’ death and resurrection.

  • Let Him give you hope, identity, and power.

Join us for the rest of this series as we explore how the resurrection—and the Spirit behind it—still works.

Talking Points:
  • The resurrection gives us a confident and eternal hope. Ephesians 1:18, 1 Corinthians 15:19
  • We are not just forgiven—we’re God’s inheritance, His treasured people. Ephesians 1:18, Ephesians 2:1-10
  • The Holy Spirit empowers us daily with the same power that raised Jesus. Ephesians 1:19-20, Acts 1:8
  • Resurrection power is not just about heaven—it’s about victory today: overcoming sin, living generously, loving others, and enduring trials. Philippians 4:12-13

Discussion:
  1. Read the talking points above as a group, including scripture references. What are your initial thoughts about these points or about the podcast lesson (see audio above)?
  2. How does the idea of “confident hope” challenge your current view of faith or circumstances?
  3. What does it mean to you that you are God’s inheritance? Why is that a powerful truth?
  4. Can you think of an area in your life where you need resurrection power right now?
  5. Why do you think it’s important to connect the resurrection to daily life, not just Easter Sunday?
  6. What would it look like for you to walk in the Spirit’s power this week?
  7. Have you ever had a moment where everything felt powerless—like a spiritual blackout? How might Jesus change that?

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Today we’re tackling one of Christianity’s most debated and misunderstood topics: the Trinity.
Is it biblical or man-made? Is it the only valid way to think about God? How should we explain it?

To set the stage, imagine living in a two-dimensional world (like in Flatland by Edwin A. Abbott) and trying to comprehend a sphere. In two dimensions, you’d only see points and lines — no true concept of depth. You might see a sphere as just a growing and shrinking circle, missing its full reality.

Similarly, trying to fully grasp God’s nature is beyond human comprehension. As C.S. Lewis said, trying to know God with our senses is like using your fingers to understand music.

The Bible gives us glimpses of God’s nature:

  • Genesis 1:26 (NLT) – God says, “Let us make human beings in our image.” (Plural pronouns)

  • Deuteronomy 6:4 (ESV) – “The LORD our God, the LORD is one.”

  • Psalm 110:1 (ESV) – “The LORD says to my Lord: ‘Sit at my right hand…’” (Quoted by Jesus in Matthew 22)

Though the Old Testament emphasizes monotheism, these glimpses hint at a complex unity in God’s nature.

Christians didn’t invent the Trinity; they discovered it.

  • Copernicus didn’t invent heliocentrism; he discovered it.

  • Newton didn’t invent gravity; he named what already existed.
    In the same way, careful Bible study reveals God as triune, not by human invention but by divine revelation.

Skeptics claim the Trinity was fabricated for political or theological control, like conspiracy theories about a flat Earth. But if we simply read the Bible thoughtfully, the truth becomes clear.

Other views of God fall short.
Like the failed “humorism” medical model before germ theory, wrong views of God can be more harmful than helpful.

Based on the Bible, we learn:

  • God is ONE in being. (Deuteronomy 6:4, Isaiah 44:6, Romans 3:29-30)

  • Jesus is fully God. (John 1:1, Colossians 2:9, Philippians 2:6)

  • The Holy Spirit is fully God. (Acts 5:3-4, Matthew 28:19)

What works biblically is the doctrine of the Trinity:

  • One being (essence)

  • Three persons (Father, Son, and Spirit)
    It’s a paradox, not a contradiction — two truths that coexist beyond our full comprehension.

Each person of the Trinity plays unique roles, especially in salvation:

  • The Father initiates it. (1 Peter 1:2)

  • The Son accomplishes it.

  • The Spirit applies it to believers.

Ultimately, understanding the Trinity is not just theological — it’s deeply personal. It shapes how we know, love, and worship God.

Talking Points:
  • The Trinity is a Christian concept that attempts to explain an infinite, unexplainable God. 1 Corinthians 13:12
  • The Old Testament hints at God’s complex unity with plural language and divine figures. Genesis 1:26, Deuteronomy 6:4, Psalm 110:1
  • Christians didn’t invent the Trinity; they discovered it by putting together all of the Bible’s teachings. Conspiracy theories about the Trinity are like flat-earth theories — easily dismissed with honest Bible reading.
  • Lesser descriptions of God don’t work biblically; they contradict clear teachings about God’s oneness, Jesus’ divinity, and the Holy Spirit’s personhood. Deuteronomy 6:4, Isaiah 44:6, Romans 3:29-30, John 1:1, Colossians 2:9, Acts 5:3-4
  • The Trinity explains God as one being in three persons — a profound truth that shapes Christian faith and worship. 1 Peter 1:2

Discussion:
  1. Read the talking points above as a group, including scripture references. What are your initial thoughts about these points or about the podcast lesson (see audio above)?
  2. In your own words, explain the two-dimensional analogy from this episode. How does it illustrate our inability to understand God?
  3. Make a list of some of the groups that deny the Trinity. Why do you think they push so hard against a trinitarian view of God?
  4. Why do you think it matters that Christians have an accurate view of God’s nature? What dangers do you see in following “lesser” or inaccurate views of God?
  5. How does the Bible’s teaching about the Father, Son, and Spirit deepen your personal relationship with God?
  6. How would you explain the Trinity to someone who is skeptical or confused about it?

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How Toxic People Work: Understanding the Inner Life of a Toxic Person

Today’s topic hits close to home for many people. Toxic people aren’t just “difficult personalities.” According to the Bible, their behavior often stems from deep spiritual dysfunction. In this installment of our “How Stuff Works” series, we examine what really drives toxic people and how we can respond biblically and wisely.

We’re looking at the tragic life of King Saul, Israel’s first king. At first, Saul appeared to be a promising leader—anointed by God, popular with the people, and empowered to lead. But his story quickly derailed due to unchecked insecurity, spiritual rebellion, and destructive behaviors that poisoned his relationships and led to his downfall.

Through Saul’s life, we uncover four key truths about how toxic people work. This study will help you understand toxic patterns, identify red flags, and—most importantly—learn how to respond like David did: with grace, boundaries, and wisdom.

1. Toxic People Are Driven by Insecurity

Scripture Reference: 1 Samuel 18:6-9 (NLT)
When David rose to fame after defeating Goliath, Saul’s jealousy ignited. Rather than celebrating David’s success, Saul saw him as a threat.

“They credit David with ten thousands and me with only thousands. Next they’ll be making him their king!” – Saul (1 Samuel 18:8)

This response reveals a deep insecurity—a fear of being replaced, overshadowed, or exposed. Toxic people often present as confident or successful, but beneath the surface is a fragile identity rooted in comparison and fear.

Spiritual Insight:
True security comes from knowing you are made in the image of God. Without that, people seek worth through achievements, control, or praise. Saul had no mentor to guide him toward that deeper security—and it cost him everything.

2. Toxic People Are Used by the Enemy

Scripture Reference: 1 Samuel 19:9-10 (NLT), Romans 1:28, 1 Timothy 1:19-20
After rejecting God’s authority, Saul became vulnerable to spiritual torment. The Bible says “a tormenting spirit from the LORD” came upon him—a judgment, not cruelty. God gave Saul over to his rebellion, just as Romans 1 warns.

Toxic behavior can be a form of spiritual warfare. Satan works through envy, rage, deceit, and division—the very qualities that defined Saul’s descent. He went from throwing spears to throwing accusations and lies.

Common toxic traits tied to this:

  • Manipulative

  • Controlling

  • Judgmental

  • Blaming others

Contrast this with the fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23): love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control.

3. Toxic People Believe Their Own Lies

Scripture Reference: 1 Samuel 22:7-8 (NLT), John 8:44
Toxic people often live in a narrative that justifies their behavior. Saul painted himself as the victim and accused David and even his own son Jonathan of betrayal—fabricating a conspiracy that didn’t exist.

Jesus said that Satan is “the father of lies” (John 8:44), and those influenced by him will twist the truth to suit their agenda. Toxic people gaslight, manipulate, and blame to maintain control and justify their actions.

This form of dishonesty becomes part of their identity—they no longer distinguish between truth and deception.

4. Toxic People Ultimately Destroy Themselves

Scripture Reference: 1 Samuel 31:1-6 (NLT)
The final chapter of Saul’s life is devastating. After years of paranoia, violence, and spiritual rebellion, he dies in battle, taking his sons and companions with him. The toxic fallout of his life affected everyone close to him.

“So Saul, his three sons, his armor bearer, and his troops all died together that same day.” – 1 Samuel 31:6

Unchecked toxicity isn’t just relational—it’s self-destructive. And it leaves collateral damage in its wake.

Responding to Toxic People: Lessons from David

David, the target of Saul’s toxicity, offers us a model of how to deal with these kinds of relationships.

A. Don’t Take Revenge

Scripture Reference: 1 Samuel 26:23-24, Romans 12:18
David had multiple opportunities to kill Saul, but he refused. He trusted God to deal with Saul in His own time. Toxic people provoke us to react—but revenge only fuels the cycle.

“I refused to kill you even when the LORD placed you in my power… May the LORD value my life, even as I have valued yours today.” – David (1 Samuel 26:24)

B. Learn to Walk Away

Scripture Reference: 1 Samuel 19:10, 1 Samuel 27:1, 2 Timothy 4:14-15
David didn’t try to fix Saul. He set a boundary. He walked away. For nine chapters of 1 Samuel, David is on the run, choosing safety and sanity over confrontation.

“The best thing I can do is escape to the Philistines… and I will finally be safe.” – David (1 Samuel 27:1)

This wasn’t weakness. It was wisdom. Sometimes the most Christlike thing you can do is walk away. Even Jesus did it—with the Pharisees, with toxic crowds, with unrepentant people.

Final Encouragement

Not every difficult person is toxic. But when you recognize the patterns, don’t try to fix, please, or control them. That’s not your job. Let God handle them, and focus on keeping your heart pure.

If someone in your life fits this profile, pray for wisdom. Set boundaries. Trust God. And remember David’s example: don’t become toxic in the process of dealing with toxicity.

Talking Points:
  • Toxic people are driven by insecurity. Saul couldn’t handle David’s success. His jealousy revealed a deep inner fear of being replaced. 1 Samuel 18:6-9
  • Many toxic behaviors come from a lack of spiritual grounding. Our identity must come from being made in God’s image, not from others’ applause.
  • Toxic people are used by the Enemy. Because Saul rejected God’s authority, he opened himself up to spiritual torment. 1 Samuel 19:9-10. Romans 1:28. 1 Timothy 1:19-20
  • The enemy uses toxic people to destroy peace and stir up fear, rage, and division. Their traits often oppose the fruit of the Spirit.
  • Toxic people believe their own lies. Saul manipulated facts to play the victim and vilify David. 1 Samuel 22:7-8. John 8:44
  • Toxic people destroy themselves—and sometimes those around them. Saul’s life ended in tragedy, taking his sons and close companions down with him. 1 Samuel 31:1-6
  • David’s response to Saul gives us two healthy ways to handle toxic people:

    • Don’t take revenge. Trust God with justice. 1 Samuel 26:23-24. Romans 12:18

    • Learn to walk away. Sometimes the most godly thing you can do is set a boundary and flee. 1 Samuel 19:10. 1 Samuel 27:1. 2 Timothy 4:14-15

  • Trying to fix or please a toxic person is not your job—and may make you toxic too. People-pleasers are especially vulnerable to being manipulated.

Discussion:
  1. Read the talking points above as a group, including scripture references. What are your initial thoughts about these points or about the podcast lesson (see audio above)?
  2. Which toxic traits stood out to you the most—and why? Have you seen them in someone you know?
  3. How does insecurity manifest in someone’s life, even when it’s not obvious?
  4. How can you discern when toxic behavior is spiritual in nature rather than just emotional or psychological?
  5. Saul’s toxicity impacted not just himself but his family and kingdom. How can we prevent toxic patterns from infecting those around us?
  6. What does it look like to walk away from a toxic person in a Christlike way?
  7. Do you struggle with wanting to fix, control, or please toxic people? Why do you think that is?
  8. What boundaries might you need to set in your life right now?

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Overview:
Regardless of your upbringing, life surfaces a truth we all need to acknowledge: there are no perfect families. The Bible is full of flawed family dynamics—jealousy, rivalry, favoritism, rebellion—and yet, God still worked through those families to accomplish His purposes. This message explores how even in our mess, God calls us toward something better: the pursuit of a healthy family. Not perfect—healthy.

This message outlines three biblical traits that characterize healthy families. These traits are not reserved for “ideal” households but are accessible to any family that’s willing to trust God, lean into His Word, and do the work.

Dysfunction in the Bible: You’re Not Alone

Before we dive into healthy family traits, it’s important to recognize that dysfunction is nothing new. The Bible gives us raw and honest pictures of broken family systems:

  • Adam & Eve’s family: Jealousy led to murder (Genesis 4). Cain couldn’t handle being overshadowed by his brother Abel.

  • Isaac & Rebekah’s family: Favoritism and deception led to betrayal (Genesis 27). Jacob and Esau’s rivalry split their household.

  • David & Bathsheba’s family: Lust and abuse of power caused trauma, loss, and rebellion (2 Samuel 11-15).

  • Zebedee’s family (James & John): Even Jesus’ disciples struggled with ambition and pride (Mark 10:35-37; Luke 9:54).

These examples remind us that family pain is part of the human experience. But they also reveal that God works with broken people to tell a story of redemption.

Trait #1: Families Who Are Jesus-Centered

Healthy families don’t center around trends—they center around truth. That truth is Jesus.

Why it matters:

  • Every family is centered on something—money, sports, school, success, or even the family itself.

  • When Jesus is the center, God’s Word becomes the foundation, and the Holy Spirit empowers the people in the family to grow and serve.

What it looks like:

  • Time: Prioritizing church, small groups, and faith-based community.

  • Finances: Giving generously, and including kids in those conversations.

  • Atmosphere: Creating a culture of worship, spiritual conversation, and daily discipleship at home.

Key Scripture:
Deuteronomy 6:4-9 (NLT) – “Repeat [these commands] again and again to your children… Talk about them when you are at home and when you are on the road…”

Trait #2: Husbands and Wives Who Choose Love

The health of a family often hinges on the strength of the marriage.

What culture says: Love is a feeling that fades over time.
What God says: Love is a covenant and a choice.

What it looks like:

  • Choosing each other daily, even when emotions run dry.

  • Showing affection openly—kids notice this!

  • Modeling sacrificial love that mirrors Christ’s love for the Church.

Key Scripture:
Ephesians 5:25-26 (NLT) – “Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church. He gave up his life for her…”

Trait #3: Dads and Moms Who Transfer Ownership

Healthy parenting is about preparation, not perfection. The goal is to gradually transfer responsibility to your kids.

Three parenting styles:

  • Controlling parents: Never let go of decisions.

  • Uninvolved parents: Don’t care enough to stay engaged.

  • Healthy parents: Coach and guide while gradually releasing control.

What it looks like:

  • Teaching kids to manage time, money, relationships, and faith.

  • Letting them fail safely so they can learn.

  • Moving from discipline to dialogue as they mature.

Key Scripture:
Proverbs 22:6 (ESV) – “Train up a child in the way he should go; even when he is old he will not depart from it.”

Takeaway: Embrace the Mess and Trust God

There are no perfect families. But there are Jesus-centered families. There are love-choosing couples. There are parent-coaches who raise their kids with vision.

Whether you’re a mom, dad, grandparent, or mentor—you can be part of creating a healthy family. It doesn’t happen by default. It happens by design. And it starts with a decision: to let God lead your home.

Talking Points:
  • Healthy families are Jesus-centered. Every family is centered on something—sports, school, money, or comfort. But when Jesus is at the center, the Bible becomes the playbook, and the Holy Spirit becomes the power source. This shows up in how a family spends its time, money, and conversations. Deuteronomy 6:4-9
  • Healthy families include husbands and wives who choose love. Love is not just a feeling—it’s a decision rooted in covenant. Couples model stability when they stick with one another and reflect Christ’s self-sacrificial love for the Church. Ephesians 5:25-26
  • Healthy families are led by parents who transfer ownership. Good parenting means gradually releasing control so kids learn responsibility. Instead of controlling or neglecting, wise parents coach, equip, and empower their kids to become adults. Proverbs 22:6
  • Even the Bible is full of messy families. From Cain and Abel to David and Absalom, God worked through broken families to accomplish his purposes. That gives us hope—God isn’t looking for perfection, just trust.
  • Your family isn’t defined by your past. No matter where you came from, God can bring healing and transformation. Trusting Him in the mess is the first step toward building something better.

Discussion:
  1. Read the talking points above as a group, including scripture references. What are your initial thoughts about these points or about the podcast lesson (see audio above)?
  2. How does your family of origin shape the way you approach relationships, marriage, or parenting today?
  3. Of the three traits of a healthy family, which one is most evident in your home? Which one needs the most growth?
  4. Read Deuteronomy 6:4-9. What are some practical ways to keep Jesus at the center of your family life?
  5. What does it mean to “choose love” in marriage—even when it’s difficult? How does that play out in real-life struggles?
  6. How are you doing in transferring ownership to your kids? What’s one area where you need to let go more intentionally?
  7. What dysfunctional patterns do you see in your family tree, and how can you break the cycle with God’s help?

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How Eternity Works: A Biblical Breakdown of the Afterlife

Eternity is not a vague hope—it’s a concrete reality. Every human being will live forever in one of two places, and the Bible tells us everything we need to know about what happens after we die. Let’s walk through what Scripture reveals about the nature of the afterlife, judgment, and how to prepare for the day we take our final breath.

Understanding the Biblical Concept of the Afterlife

1. Sheol and Hades: The Temporary Realm of the Dead

In the Old Testament, Sheol is described as the “realm of the dead”—a shadowy place where both the righteous and unrighteous awaited judgment. In Greek, the word used is Hades. Jesus gives us a vivid picture of this realm in Luke 16:19-31, telling the story of a rich man in torment and a poor man named Lazarus resting in “Abraham’s bosom.”

“Finally, the poor man died and was carried by the angels to sit beside Abraham at the heavenly banquet. The rich man also died and was buried, and he went to the place of the dead.” (Luke 16:22-23 NLT)

This story reveals three key features of Sheol:

  • A place of torment for the unrighteous

  • A place of comfort for the righteous

  • A great chasm separating the two, uncrossable after death (Luke 16:26)

Peter refers to another compartment—Tartarus—a gloomy prison for fallen angels awaiting judgment (2 Peter 2:4). This concept shows the complexity of the pre-resurrection afterlife.

2. Jesus Changes Everything: The Cross and the Empty Tomb

After His death, Jesus didn’t just remain in the grave—He descended to the realm of the dead. He told the thief on the cross, “Today you will be with me in Paradise.” (Luke 23:43)

Peter writes that Jesus “preached to the spirits in prison” (1 Peter 3:19), and Paul echoes that Jesus “led a crowd of captives” to Heaven (Ephesians 4:8). Paradise was emptied and relocated—those who had died in faith now dwell directly in God’s presence.

“We are… willing rather to be absent from the body, and to be present with the Lord.” (2 Corinthians 5:8)

Today, believers go straight to be with Jesus. Hades remains only as a place of waiting for the unrighteous dead.

3. Gehenna: The Final Destination of Judgment

The term Gehenna—used frequently by Jesus—refers to the Valley of Hinnom, a site associated with child sacrifice and later used as a garbage-burning pit. Jesus used it to describe final judgment.

“Fear only God, who can destroy both soul and body in hell.” (Matthew 10:28 NLT)

Jesus also spoke of “outer darkness” where there is weeping and gnashing of teeth (Matthew 8:12). This isn’t a metaphorical inconvenience—it’s eternal separation from the presence of God.

In the end, Hades itself is thrown into the lake of fire—what Revelation calls the “second death” (Revelation 20:14-15). This is the final judgment for all who rejected Christ.

What the Bible Says About Judgment and Salvation

“Each person is destined to die once and after that comes judgment.” (Hebrews 9:27)

There are no second chances after death. No reincarnation. No purgatory. No spirit-world missionaries offering a postmortem gospel.

We all fall short of God’s standard (Romans 3:23). Unrepentant sinners, those who reject Christ, and even the self-righteous will face the same end—eternal separation from God.

“They will be punished with eternal destruction, forever separated from the Lord and from his glorious power.” (2 Thessalonians 1:9)

The Good News: Jesus Came to Rescue Us

But judgment isn’t the end of the story. Galatians 1:4 says that Jesus “gave his life for our sins… to rescue us from this evil world.” He lived a sinless life, died in our place, and rose again to defeat death.

“God… freely makes us right in his sight. He did this through Christ Jesus when he freed us from the penalty for our sins.” (Romans 3:24 NLT)

How to Be Ready for Eternity

“If you openly declare that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved.” (Romans 10:9)

Salvation is a gift offered to all, but it must be received by faith. The one question that determines your eternal destiny is this: Did you trust in Jesus?

Those who believe will enter eternal life with God. Those who reject Him will face judgment. The choice is yours.

What Will Heaven Be Like?

Heaven isn’t floating in the clouds—it’s a renewed creation, rich in beauty, community, and the full presence of God.

“He will wipe every tear from their eyes… All these things are gone forever.” (Revelation 21:4 NLT)

In this new heaven and earth, we’ll enjoy perfect fellowship, unbroken relationships, and life as it was meant to be. Most importantly, God will dwell with us.

“Look, God’s home is now among his people! He will live with them, and they will be his people.” (Revelation 21:3 NLT)

Eternity is real. Are you ready for it?

Talking Points:
  • Before the resurrection, Sheol (or Hades) was the realm of the dead, divided into two sides—torment for the unrighteous and comfort (Abraham’s bosom) for the righteous. Luke 16:22-26
  • Jesus changed the nature of the afterlife. After the cross and resurrection, Jesus emptied the righteous side of Sheol (Paradise) and brought believers into Heaven. Ephesians 4:8
  • Now, Christians go directly into God’s presence when they die. There’s no waiting room—just immediate entry into the presence of Jesus. 2 Corinthians 5:8
  • Judgment is final and irreversible. After death comes judgment—there’s no reincarnation or second chance. Hebrews 9:27
  • Hell is real, and it’s the just destination for sin. The Bible is clear: those who reject Christ face eternal separation from God. 2 Thessalonians 1:9
  • Salvation is a free gift offered through Jesus. It’s not something we earn—it’s received by grace through faith in Christ’s finished work. Romans 3:24, Romans 10:9

Discussion:
  1. Read the talking points above as a group, including scripture references. What are your initial thoughts about these points or about the podcast lesson (see audio above)?
  2. How have your views of eternity or the afterlife been shaped by pop culture, family, or tradition?
  3. What surprises you about the Bible’s view of Sheol, Hades, and Gehenna?
  4. Why is it important to understand that judgment comes after death, with no second chances?
  5. How does understanding hell and judgment increase your appreciation for Jesus and the gospel?
  6. What part of the biblical picture of heaven excites or comforts you the most? Why?
  7. Have you personally placed your faith in Jesus for salvation? If not, what’s holding you back?

 

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How the Bible Works

Today we continue our How Stuff Works series with a topic that’s both deeply theological and intensely practical: How the Bible Works. For Christians, the Bible is more than just a religious book—it’s the inspired Word of God. But where did it come from? How is it structured? And how do we read it in a way that transforms our lives?

These are big questions, and this summary explores three essential truths that come from our Bible Basics series:

1. Where Did We Get the Bible?

The Bible didn’t fall from the sky, nor was it just a random collection of human wisdom. Scripture teaches that the Bible was inspired by the Holy Spirit.

2 Timothy 3:16 (NLT) “All Scripture is inspired by God and is useful to teach us what is true and to make us realize what is wrong in our lives. It corrects us when we are wrong and teaches us to do what is right.”

“Inspired” literally means “God-breathed.” That means the words of the Bible carry the very breath of God, and He speaks to us through its pages.

Mark 12:36 (NLT) “For David himself, speaking under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, said…”

Jesus affirmed the divine origin of the Old Testament scriptures. The human authors wrote using their own style and voice, but were guided by the Spirit of God.

2 Peter 1:20-21 (NLT) “No prophecy in Scripture ever came from the prophet’s own understanding… those prophets were moved by the Holy Spirit, and they spoke from God.”

Verbal plenary inspiration means that the very words (verbal) and all parts (plenary) of Scripture are inspired by God. Though the original manuscripts were written in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek, God has preserved His message through faithful transmission and translation.

Translation Types:

  • Word-for-Word (Formal): ESV, NASB

  • Thought-for-Thought (Dynamic): NIV, NLT

While only the original manuscripts are infallible, modern translations are trustworthy because of careful preservation, thousands of manuscripts, and the sovereignty of God.

2. What Is the Structure of the Bible?

The Bible is one book made up of 66 individual books, divided into two testaments:

Old Testament (39 Books): Written over 1,000 years and originally part of the Hebrew Bible, it includes:

  • Law (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

  • History (Joshua–Esther)

  • Wisdom/Poetry (Job–Song of Songs)

  • Prophets (Isaiah–Malachi)

New Testament (27 Books): Written within a generation after Jesus’ resurrection, it includes:

  • Gospels (Matthew–John)

  • History (Acts)

  • Letters/Epistles (Romans–Jude)

  • Apocalypse (Revelation)

Matthew 5:17-19 (NLT) “I did not come to abolish the law… but to accomplish their purpose.”

Jesus didn’t reject the Old Testament—He fulfilled it. The New Testament reveals how God’s promises culminate in Jesus.

3. How Do I Read the Bible?

The Bible is not just for study—it’s for transformation. We recommend starting with the Gospel of John and reading through the New Testament one book at a time. Read it like this:

  • Start with John, then continue through the rest of the NT

  • Mix in a gospel (Matthew, Mark, or Luke) every few epistles

  • Repeat the NT before jumping into the OT

Joshua 1:8 (ESV) “This Book of the Law shall not depart from your mouth… meditate on it day and night… then you will have good success.”

Romans 12:2 (NLT) “Let God transform you into a new person by changing the way you think.”

As you read, remember that the Holy Spirit not only inspired the Bible—He also illuminates it today. He helps us understand and apply it to our lives.

The goal isn’t just to gain knowledge—it’s to be transformed by the truth.

Talking Points:
  • The Bible was written by human authors, guided by the Holy Spirit, and is useful for teaching, correcting, and training in righteousness. 2 Timothy 3:16, 2 Peter 1:20-21
  • Bible translations allow us to read God’s Word in our language. Though not perfect, they’re reliable and trustworthy.
  • The Bible is structured by genre and divided into the Old and New Testaments, telling one unified story centered on Jesus. Matthew 5:17-19
  • Reading the Bible leads to transformation, not just information. God uses it to change our thinking and shape our lives. Romans 12:2
  • The same Spirit who inspired the Bible also helps us understand and apply it today. Joshua 1:8

Discussion:
  1. Read the talking points above as a group, including scripture references. What are your initial thoughts about these points or about the podcast lesson (see audio above)?
  2. What have you been taught in the past about how we got the Bible? How has that shaped your view of it?
  3. Why is it important to understand that the Bible is both divine and human in origin?
  4. Which genre or section of the Bible are you most familiar with? Least familiar?
  5. What is your current Bible-reading habit? How could it improve?
  6. Why do you think people struggle to read the Bible consistently? What could help?
  7. How have you personally experienced transformation by reading the Bible?

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How the Church Works
Big Idea: God designed his Church to involve his people in key purposes that bring about his plans in this world.

No other organization on earth compares to the Church. It’s not simply a building or a weekend service. It’s the living body of Christ, chosen and designed by God to carry out his mission in the world. From the very beginning, Jesus made it clear that he would build his Church—and not even the powers of hell could stop it. (Matthew 16:18)

Let’s unpack how the Church works by looking at four core truths from Scripture.

1. There Is One True Church

When Jesus spoke of “my church” in Matthew 16:18, he wasn’t referring to a specific building or religious organization. The Greek word for church is ekklesia, meaning “the called-out ones”—a gathering of people summoned for a purpose. The Church Jesus established is the community of all true believers in Jesus throughout history. This is sometimes called the “Universal Church.”

It’s important to understand that the Universal Church transcends denominations, traditions, and geographic locations. No single church or association can claim to be “the one true Church.” The true Church consists of everyone who has placed their faith in Jesus Christ alone for salvation.

The Bible uses powerful imagery to help us understand the nature of the Church:

  • The Bride of Christ (Revelation 19:7) reflects the intimate and loving relationship between Jesus and his people.

  • A Spiritual Family and Nation (Ephesians 2:19) shows how believers belong to one household, united under God’s rule.

  • A Temple and a House (Ephesians 2:20-21) describes how we are being built together as a dwelling place for God’s Spirit.

2. Jesus Is the Head of His Church

Colossians 1:18 makes it clear: Christ is the head of the Church, which is his body. This means Jesus himself is in charge. He leads through the truth of the Bible, by the power of the Holy Spirit, and through biblically qualified leaders like elders and pastors.

Jesus guides the Church like a shepherd leads his flock. In 1 Peter 5:1-4, elders are instructed to care for God’s people with humility and a servant’s heart, always pointing back to the Chief Shepherd—Jesus.

While the Universal Church is invisible and eternal, it takes visible form through local churches. These are the communities where believers gather for worship, teaching, fellowship, and mission. Though no single local church represents the entirety of the Universal Church, each one is a part of the larger body of Christ, carrying out God’s purposes in their unique context.

3. The Church Is a Community

The Church is more than just an organization—it’s a living organism. 1 Corinthians 12:12-13 describes it as a human body with many parts, each necessary and interconnected. Regardless of background—Jew or Gentile, slave or free—we’ve all been baptized into one body by the same Spirit.

The early church demonstrated this vibrant community in Acts 2:42. They were devoted to the apostles’ teaching, to fellowship (koinonia), to meals, and to prayer. The word koinonia carries the idea of sharing life deeply—meeting needs, eating together, and worshiping as a unified family.

This kind of biblical community stands in stark contrast to the individualism of our culture. The Church is a place where people of every race, status, and story can belong because of our shared identity in Christ.

4. The Church Ministers in Three Spheres

God has given the Church three primary purposes, expressed through three ministry areas:

A. Ministry to God: Worship

Romans 12:1 calls us to offer our bodies as living sacrifices—our spiritual act of worship. Worship isn’t just about music; it’s about honoring God with every part of our lives. Everything the Church does—from teaching to singing to prayer—is ultimately directed to God as an act of praise.

B. Ministry to the World: Evangelism and Mercy

Jesus commanded his followers to be witnesses to the ends of the earth (Acts 1:8). The Church exists to proclaim the gospel to the lost and to demonstrate God’s compassion through acts of mercy. Whether it’s feeding the hungry, visiting the sick, or advocating for justice, the Church reflects God’s character when it serves the world. Deuteronomy 15:10 reminds us that generosity honors God and brings his blessing.

C. Ministry to Believers: Discipleship

The Church is also called to help believers grow into spiritual maturity. Jesus’ Great Commission (Matthew 28:18-20) is a clear mandate to make disciples, teaching them to obey everything he commanded. In the early church, this happened through the Word, fellowship, and shared life. Today, it happens through mentoring, teaching, small groups, youth ministry, and more.

Final Challenge

There is nothing like the local church when it’s working right. It’s beautiful. It’s powerful. It’s God’s chosen tool to bring hope to the world.

So get involved.
Worship faithfully.
Serve others.
Invest in the next generation.
Join in God’s mission to the world.
Be the Church.

Talking Points:
  • The one true Church is not a building or denomination—it is the community of all true believers, past, present, and future. Matthew 16:15-18
  • Jesus is the head of the Church, guiding it through Scripture, the Holy Spirit, and godly leaders. Colossians 1:18
  • The Church is a diverse yet unified community, like a body with many parts. 1 Corinthians 12:12-13
  • The early Church was marked by deep fellowship, sacrificial giving, and shared worship. Acts 2:42
  • The Church has three primary areas of ministry: worship to God, outreach to the world, and discipleship among believers. Romans 12:1, Acts 1:8, Matthew 28:18-20

Discussion:
  1. Read the talking points above as a group, including scripture references. What are your initial thoughts about these points or about the podcast lesson (see audio above)?
  2. How does the concept of the “Universal Church” challenge or expand your understanding of church today?
  3. Why do you think Jesus used so many metaphors to describe the Church? Which one resonates most with you and why?
  4. In what ways have you experienced true community in a local church? What are the challenges?
  5. How are you personally involved in the three spheres of church ministry—worship, outreach, and discipleship?
  6. What does it mean to say the Church is “God’s chosen vehicle to fulfill his plans”? How does that shape your view of church involvement?
  7. What is one step you can take this week to be more active in how the Church works?
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